1.   1.  Ethics is the study of Morality, while Morality is a system of rules for guiding human conduct and principles for evaluating those rules.

2.  A moral system is something that prevents harm and evils to other people. It also promote human flourishing.

3.    3.  Public system is the rules known to all of the members while Personal morality is the rules known to a person within his own content. These two differentiates each other because one focuses on many while the other one focuses on oneself.

4.    4. It is informal because a moral system has no formal authoritative judges presiding over it. Unlike games in professional sports that have rules enforced by referees in a manner that approaches a legal system, morality is less formal.

5.    5.  A moral system is rational in that it is based on principles of logical reason accessible to ordinary persons. Morality cannot involve special knowledge that can only be understood by privileged individuals or groups.

6.6.6.   Values are objects of our desires or interests such as happiness, love, and freedom.

7.    7.   In religion, their grounds for justifying moral principles is obedience to divine authority, in philosophical ethics, they follow ethical theories and logical arguments, and finally, law, is the obedience to a legal system.

8.    8. A philosophical study is a study where philosophers make use of logical arguments to test their hypothesis to determine if an action is moral or immoral.

9.    9. Descriptive study is a is essentially a type of scientific studies while philosophical studies and scientific studies are similar in that they both require that a consistent methodological scheme be used to verify hypotheses and theories.

10. 10.

a.       People disagree about morality, so how can we reach agreement on moral issues?

b.      Who am I/who are we to judge other and to impose my/our values on them?

c.       Is morality not simply a private matter?

d.      Is morality not simply a matter that different cultures and groups should determine for themselves?

11. 11. It is problematic because it can help on changing one’s mind and perception about things happening in their lives.

12. 12. Cultural relativism is essentially a descriptive thesis while Moral Relativism is a normative thesis because it asserts that one should not make moral judgments about the behavior of people who live in cultures other than one’s own.

13. 13. Ethical theories are those who can help people have something to look upon and direct their lives unto. They wouldn’t be bothered somehow on the discussion stoppers or other issues.

14. 14. The features of consequence based ethical theories is that first it has the principle of social utility and the belief that social utility can be measured by the amount of happiness produced.

15. 15. Act utilitarianism look to the expected outcomes or consequences of an act to determine whether or not that act is morally permissible while Rule utilitarianism argues that the consequences that result from following rules or principles, not the consequences of individual acts.

16. 16.  Duty based theories are those who touches a person’s personal life and issues while alternative types of theories are those who somehow just influences people for them to follow it with somehow has force.

17. 17.  Act deontology can be formulated in a way that avoids the charges of Kant’s critics while rule deontology can be used in an objective and impartial way to determine the basis for our moral obligations.

18. 18. Contract based ethical theories are those of which requires contracts to be fulfilled by virtue.

19119. Character based ethical theories ignore the special roles that consequences, duties, and social contracts play in moral systems.

20. 20. James Moor just pointed out that if you want to be happy, just follow and obey the rules, and keep things organized to avoid conflicts and difficulties.